What is a Pituitary Tumor?
A pituitary tumor is a growth that arises from the pituitary gland, a small but critical structure at the base of the brain that regulates the body’s hormone (endocrine) system.
Because of its central role in hormone control, pituitary tumors often require care from multiple specialists.
A Multidisciplinary Condition
Management of pituitary tumors is inherently multidisciplinary. We work closely with:
- Endocrinology
- Neuro-oncology
- Radiation oncology
This team-based approach ensures both the tumor and its hormonal effects are properly evaluated and treated.
Are There Different Types of Pituitary Tumors?
Yes. Pituitary tumors are not all the same.
They are commonly categorized based on whether they:
- Secrete hormones (functional tumors)
- Do not secrete hormones (non-functional tumors)
Each type behaves differently and requires a tailored treatment strategy.
How Do Pituitary Tumors Cause Symptoms?
Pituitary tumors can cause symptoms in two main ways:
Hormonal Effects
Some tumors produce excess hormones, which can lead to conditions such as:
- Elevated prolactin levels
- Growth hormone excess
- Cortisol overproduction
Mass Effect
As the tumor grows, it can press on nearby structures, particularly the optic nerves, leading to:
- Vision loss or visual field deficits
- Headaches
- Hormonal deficiencies from compression of normal pituitary tissue
Do All Pituitary Tumors Require Surgery?
No. Treatment depends on the tumor type, size, and symptoms.
Medical Therapy
Some tumors, particularly prolactinomas, are often treated first with medications, which can effectively shrink the tumor and control hormone levels.
Observation
Small, asymptomatic tumors may be safely monitored with regular imaging and endocrine evaluation.
Surgery
Surgery is recommended when:
- The tumor is causing visual or neurological symptoms
- There is significant hormone overproduction not controlled with medication
- The tumor is growing or compressing surrounding structures
Surgical Approach: Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery
Most pituitary tumors can be removed using a minimally invasive endoscopic endonasal approach, performed through the nasal passages without external incisions.
This technique offers several advantages:
- No visible scars
- Less disruption of surrounding tissue
- Faster recovery time
- Direct access to the tumor
When is a Craniotomy Needed?
In rare or complex cases—such as tumors that are very large or extend significantly to the side (laterally)—a craniotomy (open surgery) may be required to safely access and remove the tumor.
Our Approach
We provide personalized, multidisciplinary care for pituitary tumors, integrating expertise in neurosurgery and endocrinology to guide each patient’s treatment.
Whenever surgery is indicated, we prioritize minimally invasive endoscopic techniques to achieve effective tumor removal while minimizing recovery time and impact on daily life.
View the approach